Key Insights
The European air conditioning equipment market, valued at approximately €XX million in 2025, is projected to experience robust growth, driven by several key factors. Rising temperatures across Europe, fueled by climate change, are increasing the demand for residential and commercial air conditioning systems. Stringent energy efficiency regulations are also pushing the adoption of more energy-efficient units, particularly in countries like Germany and France, which are leading the market. Furthermore, the burgeoning construction sector, particularly in the commercial and industrial segments, is contributing to increased demand. Growth is further fueled by technological advancements in HVAC systems, including smart home integration and improved cooling technologies like VRF systems, which offer greater energy efficiency and climate control. The market is segmented by type (single/multi-splits, VRF, air handling units, chillers, fans, other types) and end-user (residential, commercial, industrial). While Germany, France, and the UK hold significant market share, growth is expected across various European countries. However, economic fluctuations and potential supply chain disruptions could pose challenges to the market's continued expansion. The competitive landscape is intense, with major players such as Whirlpool, Carrier, and Daikin vying for market share through product innovation and strategic partnerships.
The forecast period (2025-2033) suggests a continuation of the positive growth trend, with a projected Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of 5.78%. This growth will be largely influenced by ongoing urbanization, rising disposable incomes in several European nations, and increasing awareness about indoor air quality. However, the market faces challenges such as the initial high capital expenditure required for installation, potential regulatory changes impacting refrigerants, and the ongoing need to address environmental concerns related to refrigerant emissions. Despite these challenges, the long-term outlook for the European air conditioning equipment market remains positive, with significant opportunities for growth and innovation within the sector. The continued adoption of sustainable and energy-efficient cooling solutions will be crucial for sustained market success.

Europe Air Conditioning Equipment Industry Market Report: 2019-2033
This comprehensive report provides a detailed analysis of the European air conditioning equipment industry, covering market size, growth trends, competitive landscape, and future outlook. With a study period spanning 2019-2033, a base year of 2025, and a forecast period of 2025-2033, this report is an invaluable resource for industry professionals, investors, and stakeholders seeking to understand this dynamic market. The report leverages extensive research and data analysis to provide actionable insights and informed predictions. The market value for 2025 is estimated at xx Million.
Europe Air Conditioning Equipment Industry Market Structure & Competitive Landscape
The European air conditioning equipment market is characterized by a moderately concentrated structure, with several major players holding significant market share. However, the presence of numerous smaller, specialized firms fosters competition and innovation. The industry witnesses considerable M&A activity, driven by the desire for expansion, technological synergy, and enhanced market reach. Concentration ratios, while not precisely quantifiable without proprietary data, suggest a relatively fragmented market with several players vying for dominance. The overall market size in 2025 is estimated at xx Million.
Key aspects influencing the market structure:
- Innovation Drivers: Continuous advancements in energy efficiency, smart technologies (IoT integration), and eco-friendly refrigerants are pivotal drivers of innovation.
- Regulatory Impacts: Stringent environmental regulations, such as the EU's F-Gas Regulation, significantly influence product development and market dynamics, pushing manufacturers towards sustainable solutions.
- Product Substitutes: While air conditioning remains the dominant technology, alternative cooling solutions, such as passive cooling techniques, are emerging, impacting market growth of traditional AC equipment.
- End-User Segmentation: The market is segmented across residential, commercial, and industrial sectors, each with unique demands and growth trajectories. Residential segments are growing in volume terms.
- M&A Trends: Consolidation through mergers and acquisitions is expected to continue, shaping the competitive landscape and driving innovation. The volume of M&A transactions in the past five years is estimated at xx deals, leading to a concentration of xx% of market share by the top 5 players.
Europe Air Conditioning Equipment Industry Market Trends & Opportunities
The European air conditioning equipment market is experiencing robust growth, driven by several key factors. Rising disposable incomes, particularly in emerging European economies, are fueling demand for residential air conditioning. Simultaneously, the commercial and industrial sectors are witnessing increased adoption of energy-efficient and technologically advanced systems. The market is anticipated to grow at a CAGR of xx% during the forecast period (2025-2033), reaching an estimated value of xx Million by 2033.
Technological advancements, such as the integration of smart home systems and the adoption of eco-friendly refrigerants, are reshaping the market landscape. Consumer preferences are shifting towards energy-efficient, smart, and sustainable solutions. The competitive dynamics are intensifying, with companies focusing on product differentiation, innovation, and strategic partnerships to maintain their market positions. Market penetration rates vary across segments, with highest rates observed in the Southern European countries due to higher temperatures.

Dominant Markets & Segments in Europe Air Conditioning Equipment Industry
The United Kingdom, Germany, and France represent the dominant markets within Europe, driven by a combination of high population density, robust economic activity, and favorable regulatory environments. Within the segment breakdown:
By Type:
- Single Splits/Multi-Splits: This segment holds the largest market share due to its affordability and suitability for residential applications. Growth is fueled by increased urbanization and rising household incomes.
- VRF (Variable Refrigerant Flow): This segment is experiencing significant growth in the commercial sector, driven by energy efficiency and flexibility.
- Air Handling Units (AHUs): The AHU segment is witnessing steady growth across commercial and industrial applications.
- Chillers: The chiller market is primarily driven by large-scale commercial and industrial projects, and is experiencing moderate growth.
- Fans: The fan segment is expanding alongside the broader HVAC market, with considerable growth in the industrial sector.
- Other Types: This segment includes niche products and technologies, with moderate growth potential.
By End User:
- Commercial: The commercial sector exhibits robust growth, driven by the need for improved indoor environmental quality and energy efficiency in office buildings, retail spaces, and hospitality establishments.
- Residential: The residential sector is a significant driver of market growth, fueled by increasing disposable incomes and rising awareness of comfort and well-being.
- Industrial: The industrial sector demonstrates steady growth, driven by the need for climate control in manufacturing plants, warehouses, and data centers.
By Country:
- United Kingdom: High population density, favorable economic conditions, and energy efficiency regulations drive strong market growth.
- Germany: Strong industrial base and emphasis on energy efficiency contribute to significant market size and growth.
- France: Similar to the UK, France shows strong demand, especially in the commercial and residential segments.
- Spain: High temperatures and a growing tourism sector drive considerable demand, especially for residential AC units.
- Rest of Europe: The Rest of Europe exhibits diverse growth patterns based on specific regional conditions and economic factors.
Key Growth Drivers:
- Increasing Urbanization: Driving demand for residential and commercial AC units.
- Rising Disposable Incomes: Enabling more people to afford air conditioning systems.
- Stringent Energy Efficiency Regulations: Promoting the adoption of energy-saving technologies.
- Focus on Improved Indoor Air Quality: Leading to increased adoption of advanced AC systems with IAQ features.
- Growth of Tourism and Hospitality Sector: Driving the demand for AC in hotels and other related businesses across Europe.
Europe Air Conditioning Equipment Industry Product Analysis
The European air conditioning equipment market showcases ongoing innovation, focusing primarily on energy efficiency, smart features, and environmentally friendly refrigerants. Manufacturers are incorporating IoT capabilities for remote monitoring and control, enhancing user experience and optimizing energy consumption. The competitive advantage lies in developing high-efficiency units with reduced environmental impact, coupled with smart features and user-friendly interfaces. The market is witnessing a shift towards inverter technology, variable refrigerant flow (VRF) systems, and the adoption of low-GWP refrigerants.
Key Drivers, Barriers & Challenges in Europe Air Conditioning Equipment Industry
Key Drivers:
- Technological advancements in energy efficiency, smart features, and environmentally friendly refrigerants.
- Economic growth in several European countries leading to increased disposable income and spending on home improvements.
- Favorable government policies promoting energy efficiency and sustainable technologies.
Key Challenges:
- Supply chain disruptions: Resulting in increased component costs and production delays; estimated impact on market growth - xx%.
- Stringent environmental regulations: Increasing compliance costs and challenging product development.
- Intense competition: Pressuring profit margins and requiring continuous innovation.
Growth Drivers in the Europe Air Conditioning Equipment Industry Market
The market is driven by rising temperatures due to climate change, increasing urbanization, rising disposable incomes, and stringent government regulations promoting energy-efficient cooling solutions. These factors fuel demand for advanced AC systems across residential, commercial, and industrial sectors.
Challenges Impacting Europe Air Conditioning Equipment Industry Growth
Challenges include supply chain constraints impacting production and pricing, the high initial investment required for certain AC systems, and the need for skilled labor for installation and maintenance. Furthermore, stringent regulations on refrigerants add to manufacturing costs and complexities.
Key Players Shaping the Europe Air Conditioning Equipment Industry Market
- Whirlpool Corp
- Carrier Global Corporation
- Emerson Electric Co
- Mitsubishi Electric Corporation
- ROBERT Bosch GmbH
- Luvata Oy
- Danfoss A/S
- Lennox International Inc
- Johnson Controls-Hitachi Air Conditioning
- Daikin Industries Limited
Significant Europe Air Conditioning Equipment Industry Industry Milestones
- March 2022: CIAT launches VectiosPower rooftop units with R-454B refrigerant, significantly reducing carbon footprint.
- December 2021: Barrisol and Carrier collaborate on integrated air conditioning ceiling solutions, enhancing comfort and IAQ.
Future Outlook for Europe Air Conditioning Equipment Industry Market
The European air conditioning equipment market is poised for continued growth, driven by increasing demand for energy-efficient and sustainable solutions. Strategic opportunities exist for companies focusing on smart technologies, eco-friendly refrigerants, and innovative service models. The market's long-term potential is significant, fueled by rising temperatures, urbanization, and a growing focus on environmental sustainability.
Europe Air Conditioning Equipment Industry Segmentation
-
1. Type
- 1.1. Single Splits/Multi-Splits
- 1.2. VRF
- 1.3. Air Handling Units
- 1.4. Chillers
- 1.5. Fans
- 1.6. Other Types
-
2. End User
- 2.1. Residential
- 2.2. Commercial
- 2.3. Industrial
Europe Air Conditioning Equipment Industry Segmentation By Geography
-
1. Europe
- 1.1. United Kingdom
- 1.2. Germany
- 1.3. France
- 1.4. Italy
- 1.5. Spain
- 1.6. Netherlands
- 1.7. Belgium
- 1.8. Sweden
- 1.9. Norway
- 1.10. Poland
- 1.11. Denmark

Europe Air Conditioning Equipment Industry REPORT HIGHLIGHTS
Aspects | Details |
---|---|
Study Period | 2019-2033 |
Base Year | 2024 |
Estimated Year | 2025 |
Forecast Period | 2025-2033 |
Historical Period | 2019-2024 |
Growth Rate | CAGR of 5.78% from 2019-2033 |
Segmentation |
|
Table of Contents
- 1. Introduction
- 1.1. Research Scope
- 1.2. Market Segmentation
- 1.3. Research Methodology
- 1.4. Definitions and Assumptions
- 2. Executive Summary
- 2.1. Introduction
- 3. Market Dynamics
- 3.1. Introduction
- 3.2. Market Drivers
- 3.2.1. Growing Smart Cities in the Region; Replacement of Existing Equipment with Better Performing Ones
- 3.3. Market Restrains
- 3.3.1. High Costs of Equipment
- 3.4. Market Trends
- 3.4.1. Industrial is Expected to Grow at a Signficant Rate
- 4. Market Factor Analysis
- 4.1. Porters Five Forces
- 4.2. Supply/Value Chain
- 4.3. PESTEL analysis
- 4.4. Market Entropy
- 4.5. Patent/Trademark Analysis
- 5. Europe Air Conditioning Equipment Industry Analysis, Insights and Forecast, 2019-2031
- 5.1. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Type
- 5.1.1. Single Splits/Multi-Splits
- 5.1.2. VRF
- 5.1.3. Air Handling Units
- 5.1.4. Chillers
- 5.1.5. Fans
- 5.1.6. Other Types
- 5.2. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by End User
- 5.2.1. Residential
- 5.2.2. Commercial
- 5.2.3. Industrial
- 5.3. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Region
- 5.3.1. Europe
- 5.1. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Type
- 6. Germany Europe Air Conditioning Equipment Industry Analysis, Insights and Forecast, 2019-2031
- 7. France Europe Air Conditioning Equipment Industry Analysis, Insights and Forecast, 2019-2031
- 8. Italy Europe Air Conditioning Equipment Industry Analysis, Insights and Forecast, 2019-2031
- 9. United Kingdom Europe Air Conditioning Equipment Industry Analysis, Insights and Forecast, 2019-2031
- 10. Netherlands Europe Air Conditioning Equipment Industry Analysis, Insights and Forecast, 2019-2031
- 11. Sweden Europe Air Conditioning Equipment Industry Analysis, Insights and Forecast, 2019-2031
- 12. Rest of Europe Europe Air Conditioning Equipment Industry Analysis, Insights and Forecast, 2019-2031
- 13. Competitive Analysis
- 13.1. Market Share Analysis 2024
- 13.2. Company Profiles
- 13.2.1 Whirlpool Corp
- 13.2.1.1. Overview
- 13.2.1.2. Products
- 13.2.1.3. SWOT Analysis
- 13.2.1.4. Recent Developments
- 13.2.1.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 13.2.2 Carrier Global Corporation
- 13.2.2.1. Overview
- 13.2.2.2. Products
- 13.2.2.3. SWOT Analysis
- 13.2.2.4. Recent Developments
- 13.2.2.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 13.2.3 Emerson Electric Co
- 13.2.3.1. Overview
- 13.2.3.2. Products
- 13.2.3.3. SWOT Analysis
- 13.2.3.4. Recent Developments
- 13.2.3.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 13.2.4 Mitsubishi Electric Corporation
- 13.2.4.1. Overview
- 13.2.4.2. Products
- 13.2.4.3. SWOT Analysis
- 13.2.4.4. Recent Developments
- 13.2.4.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 13.2.5 ROBERT Bosch GmbH
- 13.2.5.1. Overview
- 13.2.5.2. Products
- 13.2.5.3. SWOT Analysis
- 13.2.5.4. Recent Developments
- 13.2.5.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 13.2.6 Luvata Oy
- 13.2.6.1. Overview
- 13.2.6.2. Products
- 13.2.6.3. SWOT Analysis
- 13.2.6.4. Recent Developments
- 13.2.6.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 13.2.7 Danfoss A/S
- 13.2.7.1. Overview
- 13.2.7.2. Products
- 13.2.7.3. SWOT Analysis
- 13.2.7.4. Recent Developments
- 13.2.7.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 13.2.8 Lennox International Inc
- 13.2.8.1. Overview
- 13.2.8.2. Products
- 13.2.8.3. SWOT Analysis
- 13.2.8.4. Recent Developments
- 13.2.8.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 13.2.9 Johnson Controls-Hitachi Air Conditioning
- 13.2.9.1. Overview
- 13.2.9.2. Products
- 13.2.9.3. SWOT Analysis
- 13.2.9.4. Recent Developments
- 13.2.9.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 13.2.10 Daikin Industries Limited
- 13.2.10.1. Overview
- 13.2.10.2. Products
- 13.2.10.3. SWOT Analysis
- 13.2.10.4. Recent Developments
- 13.2.10.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 13.2.1 Whirlpool Corp
List of Figures
- Figure 1: Europe Air Conditioning Equipment Industry Revenue Breakdown (Million, %) by Product 2024 & 2032
- Figure 2: Europe Air Conditioning Equipment Industry Share (%) by Company 2024
List of Tables
- Table 1: Europe Air Conditioning Equipment Industry Revenue Million Forecast, by Region 2019 & 2032
- Table 2: Europe Air Conditioning Equipment Industry Volume K Unit Forecast, by Region 2019 & 2032
- Table 3: Europe Air Conditioning Equipment Industry Revenue Million Forecast, by Type 2019 & 2032
- Table 4: Europe Air Conditioning Equipment Industry Volume K Unit Forecast, by Type 2019 & 2032
- Table 5: Europe Air Conditioning Equipment Industry Revenue Million Forecast, by End User 2019 & 2032
- Table 6: Europe Air Conditioning Equipment Industry Volume K Unit Forecast, by End User 2019 & 2032
- Table 7: Europe Air Conditioning Equipment Industry Revenue Million Forecast, by Region 2019 & 2032
- Table 8: Europe Air Conditioning Equipment Industry Volume K Unit Forecast, by Region 2019 & 2032
- Table 9: Europe Air Conditioning Equipment Industry Revenue Million Forecast, by Country 2019 & 2032
- Table 10: Europe Air Conditioning Equipment Industry Volume K Unit Forecast, by Country 2019 & 2032
- Table 11: Germany Europe Air Conditioning Equipment Industry Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 12: Germany Europe Air Conditioning Equipment Industry Volume (K Unit) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 13: France Europe Air Conditioning Equipment Industry Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 14: France Europe Air Conditioning Equipment Industry Volume (K Unit) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 15: Italy Europe Air Conditioning Equipment Industry Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 16: Italy Europe Air Conditioning Equipment Industry Volume (K Unit) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 17: United Kingdom Europe Air Conditioning Equipment Industry Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 18: United Kingdom Europe Air Conditioning Equipment Industry Volume (K Unit) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 19: Netherlands Europe Air Conditioning Equipment Industry Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 20: Netherlands Europe Air Conditioning Equipment Industry Volume (K Unit) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 21: Sweden Europe Air Conditioning Equipment Industry Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 22: Sweden Europe Air Conditioning Equipment Industry Volume (K Unit) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 23: Rest of Europe Europe Air Conditioning Equipment Industry Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 24: Rest of Europe Europe Air Conditioning Equipment Industry Volume (K Unit) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 25: Europe Air Conditioning Equipment Industry Revenue Million Forecast, by Type 2019 & 2032
- Table 26: Europe Air Conditioning Equipment Industry Volume K Unit Forecast, by Type 2019 & 2032
- Table 27: Europe Air Conditioning Equipment Industry Revenue Million Forecast, by End User 2019 & 2032
- Table 28: Europe Air Conditioning Equipment Industry Volume K Unit Forecast, by End User 2019 & 2032
- Table 29: Europe Air Conditioning Equipment Industry Revenue Million Forecast, by Country 2019 & 2032
- Table 30: Europe Air Conditioning Equipment Industry Volume K Unit Forecast, by Country 2019 & 2032
- Table 31: United Kingdom Europe Air Conditioning Equipment Industry Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 32: United Kingdom Europe Air Conditioning Equipment Industry Volume (K Unit) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 33: Germany Europe Air Conditioning Equipment Industry Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 34: Germany Europe Air Conditioning Equipment Industry Volume (K Unit) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 35: France Europe Air Conditioning Equipment Industry Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 36: France Europe Air Conditioning Equipment Industry Volume (K Unit) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 37: Italy Europe Air Conditioning Equipment Industry Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 38: Italy Europe Air Conditioning Equipment Industry Volume (K Unit) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 39: Spain Europe Air Conditioning Equipment Industry Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 40: Spain Europe Air Conditioning Equipment Industry Volume (K Unit) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 41: Netherlands Europe Air Conditioning Equipment Industry Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 42: Netherlands Europe Air Conditioning Equipment Industry Volume (K Unit) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 43: Belgium Europe Air Conditioning Equipment Industry Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 44: Belgium Europe Air Conditioning Equipment Industry Volume (K Unit) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 45: Sweden Europe Air Conditioning Equipment Industry Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 46: Sweden Europe Air Conditioning Equipment Industry Volume (K Unit) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 47: Norway Europe Air Conditioning Equipment Industry Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 48: Norway Europe Air Conditioning Equipment Industry Volume (K Unit) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 49: Poland Europe Air Conditioning Equipment Industry Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 50: Poland Europe Air Conditioning Equipment Industry Volume (K Unit) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 51: Denmark Europe Air Conditioning Equipment Industry Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 52: Denmark Europe Air Conditioning Equipment Industry Volume (K Unit) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
Frequently Asked Questions
1. What is the projected Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of the Europe Air Conditioning Equipment Industry?
The projected CAGR is approximately 5.78%.
2. Which companies are prominent players in the Europe Air Conditioning Equipment Industry?
Key companies in the market include Whirlpool Corp, Carrier Global Corporation, Emerson Electric Co, Mitsubishi Electric Corporation, ROBERT Bosch GmbH, Luvata Oy, Danfoss A/S, Lennox International Inc, Johnson Controls-Hitachi Air Conditioning, Daikin Industries Limited.
3. What are the main segments of the Europe Air Conditioning Equipment Industry?
The market segments include Type, End User.
4. Can you provide details about the market size?
The market size is estimated to be USD XX Million as of 2022.
5. What are some drivers contributing to market growth?
Growing Smart Cities in the Region; Replacement of Existing Equipment with Better Performing Ones.
6. What are the notable trends driving market growth?
Industrial is Expected to Grow at a Signficant Rate.
7. Are there any restraints impacting market growth?
High Costs of Equipment.
8. Can you provide examples of recent developments in the market?
March 2022- CIAT has released a new line of VectiosPower rooftop air conditioning units that use R-454B refrigerant, providing clients with the finest possible application option. R-454B's overall carbon footprint is more than 80% lower than that of HFC R-410A, the refrigerant it replaces, with a GWP of 466.
9. What pricing options are available for accessing the report?
Pricing options include single-user, multi-user, and enterprise licenses priced at USD 4750, USD 4950, and USD 6800 respectively.
10. Is the market size provided in terms of value or volume?
The market size is provided in terms of value, measured in Million and volume, measured in K Unit.
11. Are there any specific market keywords associated with the report?
Yes, the market keyword associated with the report is "Europe Air Conditioning Equipment Industry," which aids in identifying and referencing the specific market segment covered.
12. How do I determine which pricing option suits my needs best?
The pricing options vary based on user requirements and access needs. Individual users may opt for single-user licenses, while businesses requiring broader access may choose multi-user or enterprise licenses for cost-effective access to the report.
13. Are there any additional resources or data provided in the Europe Air Conditioning Equipment Industry report?
While the report offers comprehensive insights, it's advisable to review the specific contents or supplementary materials provided to ascertain if additional resources or data are available.
14. How can I stay updated on further developments or reports in the Europe Air Conditioning Equipment Industry?
To stay informed about further developments, trends, and reports in the Europe Air Conditioning Equipment Industry, consider subscribing to industry newsletters, following relevant companies and organizations, or regularly checking reputable industry news sources and publications.
Methodology
Step 1 - Identification of Relevant Samples Size from Population Database



Step 2 - Approaches for Defining Global Market Size (Value, Volume* & Price*)

Note*: In applicable scenarios
Step 3 - Data Sources
Primary Research
- Web Analytics
- Survey Reports
- Research Institute
- Latest Research Reports
- Opinion Leaders
Secondary Research
- Annual Reports
- White Paper
- Latest Press Release
- Industry Association
- Paid Database
- Investor Presentations

Step 4 - Data Triangulation
Involves using different sources of information in order to increase the validity of a study
These sources are likely to be stakeholders in a program - participants, other researchers, program staff, other community members, and so on.
Then we put all data in single framework & apply various statistical tools to find out the dynamic on the market.
During the analysis stage, feedback from the stakeholder groups would be compared to determine areas of agreement as well as areas of divergence