Key Insights
The United Kingdom Full Service Restaurant (FSR) market, exhibiting a robust Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of 7.62%, presents a dynamic landscape shaped by evolving consumer preferences and economic conditions. The market's segmentation reveals a diverse range of cuisines, with Asian, European, and North American options holding significant market share. Outlet types are similarly varied, encompassing both large chained restaurants like PizzaExpress and independent establishments, catering to a broad spectrum of consumer needs and budgets. Location plays a crucial role, with restaurants strategically positioned in leisure, lodging, retail, standalone, and travel settings. The presence of established players such as The Restaurant Group PLC and Mitchells & Butlers PLC indicates a competitive market with established brand loyalty. However, the independent outlet segment offers opportunities for smaller, specialized restaurants to thrive by catering to niche culinary interests or specific demographic preferences. Growth drivers include the increasing disposable income of UK consumers, coupled with a growing preference for dining experiences outside the home. Conversely, challenges such as rising food costs, labor shortages, and economic uncertainty represent potential restraints on market expansion. The market's future trajectory hinges on adapting to changing consumer behaviors, managing operational costs effectively, and innovating in areas like menu offerings and service models.
The forecast period (2025-2033) suggests continued growth, influenced by factors such as increasing tourism and the ongoing popularity of dining out. While precise market size figures for the UK FSR market in 2025 are not provided, a reasonable estimation can be made based on the provided 7.62% CAGR and available market size data (though not explicitly given here). Analyzing the performance of major players, and incorporating the growth drivers and restraints identified above, projects a steady growth trajectory for the UK FSR market throughout the forecast period. The strategic location of restaurants, particularly near transport hubs or high-traffic areas, remains a key element influencing success. Furthermore, the ability to adapt menus to reflect seasonal ingredients and contemporary food trends will be vital for maintaining competitiveness and consumer appeal. Successful businesses will likely exhibit a strong online presence, employing effective digital marketing strategies to reach a wider audience.

United Kingdom Full Service Restaurants Market Report: 2019-2033
This comprehensive report provides a detailed analysis of the UK Full Service Restaurants (FSR) market, offering invaluable insights for industry stakeholders, investors, and market entrants. Covering the period from 2019 to 2033, with a focus on 2025, this report delves into market size, segmentation, competitive dynamics, and future growth potential. The UK FSR market, valued at £xx Million in 2025, is projected to experience significant growth, reaching £xx Million by 2033.
United Kingdom Full Service Restaurants Market Market Structure & Competitive Landscape
The UK FSR market exhibits a moderately concentrated structure, with several large chains dominating alongside a significant number of independent outlets. The Herfindahl-Hirschman Index (HHI) for the market in 2025 is estimated at xx, indicating a moderately concentrated market. Innovation in cuisine, service delivery (e.g., online ordering, delivery partnerships), and technology (e.g., AI-powered customer service) are key drivers. Regulatory changes concerning food safety, hygiene, and labor laws significantly impact operational costs and profitability. Product substitutes include quick-service restaurants (QSRs), meal delivery services, and home-cooked meals. End-user segmentation includes families, young professionals, tourists, and corporate clients. M&A activity within the sector remains robust, with an estimated xx deals recorded in the last 5 years, contributing to market consolidation.
- Market Concentration: Moderately concentrated, with HHI estimated at xx in 2025.
- Innovation Drivers: New cuisines, technology-driven service improvements, sustainable practices.
- Regulatory Impacts: Food safety regulations, minimum wage laws, licensing requirements.
- Product Substitutes: QSRs, meal delivery services, home-cooked meals.
- End-User Segmentation: Families, young professionals, tourists, corporate clients.
- M&A Trends: xx M&A deals in the last 5 years, indicating ongoing consolidation.
United Kingdom Full Service Restaurants Market Market Trends & Opportunities
The UK FSR market demonstrates a dynamic landscape shaped by evolving consumer preferences, technological advancements, and competitive pressures. Market size has grown steadily over the historical period (2019-2024), with a Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of xx%. This growth is fueled by increasing disposable incomes, urbanization, and the rising demand for diverse culinary experiences. Technological shifts, including online ordering platforms and delivery services, have significantly impacted operations and customer reach. The penetration rate of online ordering in the FSR sector increased from xx% in 2019 to xx% in 2024. Consumer preferences are shifting towards healthier options, sustainable practices, and personalized experiences. Intense competition, both within and across segments, necessitates continuous innovation and operational efficiency. This competitive environment presents opportunities for strategic partnerships, acquisitions, and the development of unique value propositions.

Dominant Markets & Segments in United Kingdom Full Service Restaurants Market
The UK FSR market is geographically diverse, with significant presence across major cities and regions. However, London and other large metropolitan areas dominate due to higher population density and tourist footfall. Within the segmentation, European cuisine maintains the largest market share, followed by Asian and North American cuisines. Chained outlets account for a larger proportion of the market than independent outlets. Standalone locations are the most prevalent outlet type, though growth in leisure and travel segments is noteworthy.
Leading Region: London and other major metropolitan areas.
Dominant Cuisine: European, followed by Asian and North American.
Leading Outlet Type: Chained Outlets, followed by Independent Outlets.
Key Growth Drivers: Increasing disposable income, rising tourism, and growing demand for diverse culinary experiences.
Geographic Dominance: Driven by high population density and strong tourism in metropolitan regions.
Segment Analysis: The European cuisine segment dominates due to established customer preferences and wide-ranging offerings. The growth of Asian and North American segments is driven by changing tastes and increased cultural diversity. Chained outlets benefit from economies of scale and established brand recognition. The Standalone segment dominates due to ease of access and broad geographical representation.
United Kingdom Full Service Restaurants Market Product Analysis
Product innovation within the UK FSR market centers around enhancing the customer experience, expanding menu offerings, and improving operational efficiency. Technological advancements such as AI-powered ordering systems, personalized recommendations, and contactless payment options are gaining traction. The market is witnessing increased focus on dietary restrictions, with specialized menus catering to vegetarian, vegan, and gluten-free preferences. The successful integration of technology and personalized service provides a significant competitive advantage.
Key Drivers, Barriers & Challenges in United Kingdom Full Service Restaurants Market
Key Drivers: Increasing disposable incomes, changing consumer preferences (healthier options, diverse cuisines), and technological advancements (online ordering, delivery partnerships). Government initiatives to support the hospitality sector also contribute to growth.
Challenges: Rising operating costs (labor, rent, ingredients), intense competition from QSRs and delivery services, and regulatory complexities concerning food safety and labor laws. Supply chain disruptions and economic downturns pose significant threats to profitability. The impact of these challenges can be quantified by analyzing profit margins and market share fluctuations across different segments and regions. For example, xx% reduction in profit margins was observed in 2022 due to supply chain disruptions.
Growth Drivers in the United Kingdom Full Service Restaurants Market Market
The UK FSR market’s growth is fueled by rising disposable incomes, a growing preference for diverse culinary experiences, and technological innovations enhancing service and efficiency. Tourism plays a significant role, especially in major cities. Government support for the hospitality sector also provides a boost.
Challenges Impacting United Kingdom Full Service Restaurants Market Growth
Challenges include rising operating costs, intense competition from QSRs and delivery platforms, and fluctuating ingredient prices which impact profit margins. Regulatory changes and potential economic downturns present further risks. Supply chain disruptions can impact ingredient availability and add cost pressures.
Key Players Shaping the United Kingdom Full Service Restaurants Market Market
- Chennai Dosa Group
- The Restaurant Group PLC
- YO! Compan
- PizzaExpress (Restaurants) Limited
- Nando's Group Holdings Limited
- The Big Table Group Limited
- TGI Fridays Franchisor LLC
- Mitchells & Butlers PLC
- Prezzo Holdings Limited
- The Azzuri Group
- Pizza Hut (U K ) Limited
Significant United Kingdom Full Service Restaurants Market Industry Milestones
- October 2022: Pizza Hut launched "Melts," a new product category, diversifying its offerings and potentially attracting new customer segments.
- November 2022: PizzaExpress partnered with Just Eat and Uber Eats to boost delivery services during the Winter World Cup, leveraging increased consumer demand.
- February 2023: The Big Table Group implemented PolyAI's customer service AI, aiming to improve efficiency and customer satisfaction, highlighting the adoption of technology in the sector.
Future Outlook for United Kingdom Full Service Restaurants Market Market
The UK FSR market is poised for continued growth, driven by evolving consumer preferences, technological advancements, and strategic initiatives by key players. Opportunities exist in expanding online ordering capabilities, personalizing customer experiences, and embracing sustainable practices. The market's future hinges on adapting to evolving consumer demands and leveraging technology to maintain competitiveness while navigating economic uncertainties and regulatory complexities. The projected CAGR for the forecast period (2025-2033) is xx%, indicating robust future growth potential.
United Kingdom Full Service Restaurants Market Segmentation
-
1. Cuisine
- 1.1. Asian
- 1.2. European
- 1.3. Latin American
- 1.4. Middle Eastern
- 1.5. North American
- 1.6. Other FSR Cuisines
-
2. Outlet
- 2.1. Chained Outlets
- 2.2. Independent Outlets
-
3. Location
- 3.1. Leisure
- 3.2. Lodging
- 3.3. Retail
- 3.4. Standalone
- 3.5. Travel
United Kingdom Full Service Restaurants Market Segmentation By Geography
- 1. United Kingdom

United Kingdom Full Service Restaurants Market REPORT HIGHLIGHTS
Aspects | Details |
---|---|
Study Period | 2019-2033 |
Base Year | 2024 |
Estimated Year | 2025 |
Forecast Period | 2025-2033 |
Historical Period | 2019-2024 |
Growth Rate | CAGR of 7.62% from 2019-2033 |
Segmentation |
|
Table of Contents
- 1. Introduction
- 1.1. Research Scope
- 1.2. Market Segmentation
- 1.3. Research Methodology
- 1.4. Definitions and Assumptions
- 2. Executive Summary
- 2.1. Introduction
- 3. Market Dynamics
- 3.1. Introduction
- 3.2. Market Drivers
- 3.2.1. Wide Application and Benefits of Collagen Across End-User Industry; Implementation of Business Strategies by Market Players
- 3.3. Market Restrains
- 3.3.1. Intolerance of Vegetarian/Vegan Population Towards Animal Sourced Protein
- 3.4. Market Trends
- 3.4.1 A significant rise in tourist arrivals is driving substantial growth in the market
- 3.4.2 and new trends in dining contributing the market growth
- 4. Market Factor Analysis
- 4.1. Porters Five Forces
- 4.2. Supply/Value Chain
- 4.3. PESTEL analysis
- 4.4. Market Entropy
- 4.5. Patent/Trademark Analysis
- 5. United Kingdom Full Service Restaurants Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast, 2019-2031
- 5.1. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Cuisine
- 5.1.1. Asian
- 5.1.2. European
- 5.1.3. Latin American
- 5.1.4. Middle Eastern
- 5.1.5. North American
- 5.1.6. Other FSR Cuisines
- 5.2. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Outlet
- 5.2.1. Chained Outlets
- 5.2.2. Independent Outlets
- 5.3. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Location
- 5.3.1. Leisure
- 5.3.2. Lodging
- 5.3.3. Retail
- 5.3.4. Standalone
- 5.3.5. Travel
- 5.4. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Region
- 5.4.1. United Kingdom
- 5.1. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Cuisine
- 6. North America United Kingdom Full Service Restaurants Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast, 2019-2031
- 6.1. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - By Country/Sub-region
- 6.1.1 United States
- 6.1.2 Canada
- 6.1.3 Mexico
- 7. South America United Kingdom Full Service Restaurants Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast, 2019-2031
- 7.1. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - By Country/Sub-region
- 7.1.1 Brazil
- 7.1.2 Argentina
- 7.1.3 Rest of South America
- 8. Europe United Kingdom Full Service Restaurants Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast, 2019-2031
- 8.1. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - By Country/Sub-region
- 8.1.1 Germany
- 8.1.2 France
- 8.1.3 Italy
- 8.1.4 United Kingdom
- 8.1.5 Netherlands
- 8.1.6 Rest of Europe
- 9. Asia Pacific United Kingdom Full Service Restaurants Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast, 2019-2031
- 9.1. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - By Country/Sub-region
- 9.1.1 China
- 9.1.2 Japan
- 9.1.3 India
- 9.1.4 South Korea
- 9.1.5 Taiwan
- 9.1.6 Australia
- 9.1.7 Rest of Asia-Pacific
- 10. Middle East & Africa United Kingdom Full Service Restaurants Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast, 2019-2031
- 10.1. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - By Country/Sub-region
- 10.1.1 UAE
- 10.1.2 South Africa
- 10.1.3 Saudi Arabia
- 10.1.4 Rest of MEA
- 11. Competitive Analysis
- 11.1. Market Share Analysis 2024
- 11.2. Company Profiles
- 11.2.1 Chennai Dosa Group
- 11.2.1.1. Overview
- 11.2.1.2. Products
- 11.2.1.3. SWOT Analysis
- 11.2.1.4. Recent Developments
- 11.2.1.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 11.2.2 The Restaurant Group PLC
- 11.2.2.1. Overview
- 11.2.2.2. Products
- 11.2.2.3. SWOT Analysis
- 11.2.2.4. Recent Developments
- 11.2.2.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 11.2.3 YO! Compan
- 11.2.3.1. Overview
- 11.2.3.2. Products
- 11.2.3.3. SWOT Analysis
- 11.2.3.4. Recent Developments
- 11.2.3.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 11.2.4 PizzaExpress (Restaurants) Limited
- 11.2.4.1. Overview
- 11.2.4.2. Products
- 11.2.4.3. SWOT Analysis
- 11.2.4.4. Recent Developments
- 11.2.4.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 11.2.5 Nando's Group Holdings Limited
- 11.2.5.1. Overview
- 11.2.5.2. Products
- 11.2.5.3. SWOT Analysis
- 11.2.5.4. Recent Developments
- 11.2.5.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 11.2.6 The Big Table Group Limited
- 11.2.6.1. Overview
- 11.2.6.2. Products
- 11.2.6.3. SWOT Analysis
- 11.2.6.4. Recent Developments
- 11.2.6.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 11.2.7 TGI Fridays Franchisor LLC
- 11.2.7.1. Overview
- 11.2.7.2. Products
- 11.2.7.3. SWOT Analysis
- 11.2.7.4. Recent Developments
- 11.2.7.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 11.2.8 Mitchells & Butlers PLC
- 11.2.8.1. Overview
- 11.2.8.2. Products
- 11.2.8.3. SWOT Analysis
- 11.2.8.4. Recent Developments
- 11.2.8.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 11.2.9 Prezzo Holdings Limited
- 11.2.9.1. Overview
- 11.2.9.2. Products
- 11.2.9.3. SWOT Analysis
- 11.2.9.4. Recent Developments
- 11.2.9.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 11.2.10 The Azzuri Group
- 11.2.10.1. Overview
- 11.2.10.2. Products
- 11.2.10.3. SWOT Analysis
- 11.2.10.4. Recent Developments
- 11.2.10.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 11.2.11 Pizza Hut (U K ) Limited
- 11.2.11.1. Overview
- 11.2.11.2. Products
- 11.2.11.3. SWOT Analysis
- 11.2.11.4. Recent Developments
- 11.2.11.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 11.2.1 Chennai Dosa Group
List of Figures
- Figure 1: United Kingdom Full Service Restaurants Market Revenue Breakdown (Million, %) by Product 2024 & 2032
- Figure 2: United Kingdom Full Service Restaurants Market Share (%) by Company 2024
List of Tables
- Table 1: United Kingdom Full Service Restaurants Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Region 2019 & 2032
- Table 2: United Kingdom Full Service Restaurants Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Cuisine 2019 & 2032
- Table 3: United Kingdom Full Service Restaurants Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Outlet 2019 & 2032
- Table 4: United Kingdom Full Service Restaurants Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Location 2019 & 2032
- Table 5: United Kingdom Full Service Restaurants Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Region 2019 & 2032
- Table 6: United Kingdom Full Service Restaurants Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Country 2019 & 2032
- Table 7: United States United Kingdom Full Service Restaurants Market Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 8: Canada United Kingdom Full Service Restaurants Market Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 9: Mexico United Kingdom Full Service Restaurants Market Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 10: United Kingdom Full Service Restaurants Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Country 2019 & 2032
- Table 11: Brazil United Kingdom Full Service Restaurants Market Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 12: Argentina United Kingdom Full Service Restaurants Market Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 13: Rest of South America United Kingdom Full Service Restaurants Market Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 14: United Kingdom Full Service Restaurants Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Country 2019 & 2032
- Table 15: Germany United Kingdom Full Service Restaurants Market Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 16: France United Kingdom Full Service Restaurants Market Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 17: Italy United Kingdom Full Service Restaurants Market Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 18: United Kingdom United Kingdom Full Service Restaurants Market Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 19: Netherlands United Kingdom Full Service Restaurants Market Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 20: Rest of Europe United Kingdom Full Service Restaurants Market Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 21: United Kingdom Full Service Restaurants Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Country 2019 & 2032
- Table 22: China United Kingdom Full Service Restaurants Market Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 23: Japan United Kingdom Full Service Restaurants Market Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 24: India United Kingdom Full Service Restaurants Market Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 25: South Korea United Kingdom Full Service Restaurants Market Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 26: Taiwan United Kingdom Full Service Restaurants Market Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 27: Australia United Kingdom Full Service Restaurants Market Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 28: Rest of Asia-Pacific United Kingdom Full Service Restaurants Market Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 29: United Kingdom Full Service Restaurants Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Country 2019 & 2032
- Table 30: UAE United Kingdom Full Service Restaurants Market Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 31: South Africa United Kingdom Full Service Restaurants Market Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 32: Saudi Arabia United Kingdom Full Service Restaurants Market Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 33: Rest of MEA United Kingdom Full Service Restaurants Market Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 34: United Kingdom Full Service Restaurants Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Cuisine 2019 & 2032
- Table 35: United Kingdom Full Service Restaurants Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Outlet 2019 & 2032
- Table 36: United Kingdom Full Service Restaurants Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Location 2019 & 2032
- Table 37: United Kingdom Full Service Restaurants Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Country 2019 & 2032
Frequently Asked Questions
1. What is the projected Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of the United Kingdom Full Service Restaurants Market?
The projected CAGR is approximately 7.62%.
2. Which companies are prominent players in the United Kingdom Full Service Restaurants Market?
Key companies in the market include Chennai Dosa Group, The Restaurant Group PLC, YO! Compan, PizzaExpress (Restaurants) Limited, Nando's Group Holdings Limited, The Big Table Group Limited, TGI Fridays Franchisor LLC, Mitchells & Butlers PLC, Prezzo Holdings Limited, The Azzuri Group, Pizza Hut (U K ) Limited.
3. What are the main segments of the United Kingdom Full Service Restaurants Market?
The market segments include Cuisine, Outlet, Location.
4. Can you provide details about the market size?
The market size is estimated to be USD XX Million as of 2022.
5. What are some drivers contributing to market growth?
Wide Application and Benefits of Collagen Across End-User Industry; Implementation of Business Strategies by Market Players.
6. What are the notable trends driving market growth?
A significant rise in tourist arrivals is driving substantial growth in the market. and new trends in dining contributing the market growth.
7. Are there any restraints impacting market growth?
Intolerance of Vegetarian/Vegan Population Towards Animal Sourced Protein.
8. Can you provide examples of recent developments in the market?
February 2023: The Big Table Group announced that it would use PolyAI's customer-led conversational assistant to enhance customer service and foster its expansion. The Big Table Group added that it had accomplished its goal of answering 100% of customer calls at its Bella Italia and Café Rouge restaurants owing to PolyAI.November 2022: Just Eat and Uber Eats collaborated with PizzaExpress. To address the increased demand for delivery before the first-ever Winter World Cup, expected to be a popular time for American Hots and Peronis to be delivered straight to consumers' doors, PizzaExpress engaged in these new collaborations.October 2022: Pizza Hut introduced "Melts," a new product category with a wide range of offerings, including Pizza Hut MeltsTM. Pizza Hut MeltsTM are cheesy, crunchy, stuffed with toppings, and served with a perfectly matched dip.
9. What pricing options are available for accessing the report?
Pricing options include single-user, multi-user, and enterprise licenses priced at USD 3800, USD 4500, and USD 5800 respectively.
10. Is the market size provided in terms of value or volume?
The market size is provided in terms of value, measured in Million.
11. Are there any specific market keywords associated with the report?
Yes, the market keyword associated with the report is "United Kingdom Full Service Restaurants Market," which aids in identifying and referencing the specific market segment covered.
12. How do I determine which pricing option suits my needs best?
The pricing options vary based on user requirements and access needs. Individual users may opt for single-user licenses, while businesses requiring broader access may choose multi-user or enterprise licenses for cost-effective access to the report.
13. Are there any additional resources or data provided in the United Kingdom Full Service Restaurants Market report?
While the report offers comprehensive insights, it's advisable to review the specific contents or supplementary materials provided to ascertain if additional resources or data are available.
14. How can I stay updated on further developments or reports in the United Kingdom Full Service Restaurants Market?
To stay informed about further developments, trends, and reports in the United Kingdom Full Service Restaurants Market, consider subscribing to industry newsletters, following relevant companies and organizations, or regularly checking reputable industry news sources and publications.
Methodology
Step 1 - Identification of Relevant Samples Size from Population Database



Step 2 - Approaches for Defining Global Market Size (Value, Volume* & Price*)

Note*: In applicable scenarios
Step 3 - Data Sources
Primary Research
- Web Analytics
- Survey Reports
- Research Institute
- Latest Research Reports
- Opinion Leaders
Secondary Research
- Annual Reports
- White Paper
- Latest Press Release
- Industry Association
- Paid Database
- Investor Presentations

Step 4 - Data Triangulation
Involves using different sources of information in order to increase the validity of a study
These sources are likely to be stakeholders in a program - participants, other researchers, program staff, other community members, and so on.
Then we put all data in single framework & apply various statistical tools to find out the dynamic on the market.
During the analysis stage, feedback from the stakeholder groups would be compared to determine areas of agreement as well as areas of divergence